Behaviour change: How does it work and how do you apply it?

Changing behaviour is tricky. Whether it is personal habits or workplace changes, it requires more than motivation. Scientific research shows that strategy, repetition and the right support are essential to change behaviour permanently.

Why is behavioural change difficult?

Many behaviours are deeply ingrained habits that we perform without thinking. Social norms, self-confidence and the environment play a big role in our behaviour. Often, mere intention to change is not enough. Research shows that strong intention produces only small to medium behavioural change.

Scientific insights

To effectively change behaviour, several theories and models have been developed:

• Theory of Planned Behaviour: Behaviour is influenced by intention, attitude, social norms and perceived control over the situation. The more achievable and desirable a change a person thinks it is, the more likely they are to succeed.
• Social Cognitive Theory: People learn through observation. If they see that desired behaviour is rewarded and they are confident that they can perform it themselves, they are more likely to change.
• Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change): Behaviour change occurs in six stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and termination. Matching support to the stage a person is in can increase the likelihood of success.

Practical techniques for behavioural change

To make behavioural change achievable and lasting, the following strategies can help:

Setting goals helps make change concrete. 

It is important that goals are specific and achievable, for example using the SMART method. Another effective technique is implementation intentions, linking a specific behaviour to a situation, such as: "When I get home, I immediately put on my sportswear," he says. This is an example of how to get a good habit into your system. Only here too, remember to consistently put your things down. Otherwise, the temptation to plop down on the sofa will be too great. 

Motivational interviewing interviewing 

can help explore motivation and overcome doubts. In addition, positive reinforcement is a powerful way to reinforce desired behaviour. Rewarding and recognising successes keeps motivation high. For example, an employee who has difficulty presenting can develop more self-confidence through small successes and positive feedback from colleagues. When this employee receives recognition from the team after a successful presentation, he or she is more likely to be motivated to try again and grow further.

Social support

Social support can play a big role. People adapt faster if they are supported by those around them or if others participate. Environmental adjustments can also help, such as removing temptations or visualising positive choices.

Behaviour change in the workplace

In the workplace, behavioural change is essential for growth and efficiency. Employers can promote this by communicating clear goals and inspiring leadership. Employees need to know what is expected of them and why. Inspiring stories and role models can help with motivation and change. It is almost never effective to name negative employee behaviour and then demand improvement. In fact, this often backfires. 

Positive reinforcement in work environments

In addition, positive reinforcement also works in work environments. By recognising and rewarding successes, employees feel valued and are more likely to retain the desired behaviour. Behaviour change can also be encouraged by involving teams as a whole. People are more willing to adjust their behaviour if they see colleagues doing the same.

Behavioural change comes gradually

Finally, it is important to approach change step by step. Trying to change several behaviours at once can be overwhelming. Therefore, focus on one behaviour change at a time and make sure it is well integrated before tackling the next one.