Recognising complex trauma

What is complex trauma?

Complex trauma usually involves prolonged stressful or threatening situations, often at a young age and with no possibility of escape. You can think of long-term mistreatment, abuse, neglect or living in an unsafe environment. Adults can also develop complex trauma, for instance after long-term domestic violence or imprisonment.

The damage is not only in what has happened, but more importantly in the fact that trust in yourself and the world around you has been affected. This can cause you to get stuck in everyday life, without making an immediate link to your past

How do you recognise complex trauma?

People with complex trauma often experience more than just anxiety or re-experiences. There is usually long-term inner turmoil and problems in relationships and self-image. Many symptoms resemble those of post-traumatic stress, but are more deeply intertwined with personality and daily functioning.

• Difficulty with emotions: get angry easily, get overwhelmed or just shut down completely.
• Negative self-image: feelings of shame, guilt or worthlessness.
• Disrupted relationships: difficulty with trust, attachment or setting boundaries.
• Relapses: nightmares or sudden memories of unpleasant events.
• Avoidance: avoid situations that may trigger memories.
• Constant alertness: feeling always 'on' or expecting danger.

Complex trauma is often invisible

What makes complex trauma so difficult is that it often does not present itself clearly. Many people carry it around for years without knowing exactly where their symptoms come from. For example, they feel easily rejected, are chronically tired or experience physical stress for which no medical cause is found.

It is also common for people to judge themselves harshly or think they should 'not fuss', when in fact their reaction is a logical consequence of prolonged overloading of body and mind.

Don't walk around with it for too long

A complex trauma can affect your life for years, often without your immediate awareness. Recognition is an important first step. Did you recognise yourself in this article? If so, it is valuable to talk about this further with a professional. At therapy comparison you will find counsellors who can help you get a better grip on your past and your life today, step by step.